This contains flashcards for the CIE A2 Chemistry syllabus that includes: Physical Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Analysis.
| Front | State the two conditions required when using hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrscopy to identify -OH and/or -NH signals in the resultant spectrum obtained from sample organic compounds containing said molecular environments. |
| Back | - is 1H NMR spectroscopy, sample organic compounds are dissolvent in a solvent (assuming a pure solvent) to help separate organic molecules and prevent them from interacting to avoid signal disruption on the obtained spectrum- the solvent must be:> a good solvent for organic molecules in terms of forming intermolecular forces of attraction with said molecules to dissolve, thus dissociate, them in solution> not contain any H-1 atoms/protons, thus nuclei, so it does not interfere with the obtained signals on the subsequent spectrum shown, thus chemical shift values (ppm) and intensities due to energy absorption |
| Front | State why there are three different types of ligands. |
| Back | - the three types of ligands are:1) monodentate ligands2) bidentate ligands3) polydentate ligands- this is b/c different types of ligands can form a different number of co-ordinate bonds with the central metal ion/atom they are surrounding, as different ligand types have a different number of lone pair electrons on their atoms, thus the variety in the co-ordination number between complexes |
| Front | State what is the key to identifying different carbon-13 (molecular) environments. |
| Back | - the symmetry in C-13-containing organic molecules |