All topics for edexcel gcse physics paper 1 for 2025
| Front | How are waves refracted at a boundary? |
| Back | Waves are refracted when they change speed at a boundary, causing a change in direction. The amount of refraction depends on the angle of incidence and the properties of the two media. |
| Front | How does radioactive decay lead to nuclear rearrangement? |
| Back | Process: After radioactive decay, the newly formed nucleus may be in an excited state, and to reach a more stable configuration, it can undergo nuclear rearrangement.Effect: The rearrangement often results in the emission of gamma radiation, which carries away the excess energy. |
| Front | What is the effect of reflection on waves? |
| Back | Reflection occurs when waves bounce off a surface or boundary, changing direction but not speed. |