| Front | What are the properties of group 1 elements |
| Back | Group 1 elements are called the alkali metals. They are all soft, shiny and have a low density - the first three are less dense than water. They all have 1 electron in their outer shell so are very reactive. Going down the group, they get more reactive as the greater shielding from more electrons makes it easier to lose their outer electron, and have a lower melting and boiling point. |
| Front | What are the physical properties of metals compared to non metals |
| Back | All metals have metallic bonding, making them strong, malleable, conductive and have high melting and boiling points.Non metals are generally dull, more brittle, are not always solid at room temperature, do not generally conduct electricity and have a lower density. |
| Front | How was the nuclear model developed |
| Back | In 1909 Ernest Rutherford conducted the alpha particle scattering experiment, where they fired positively charged alpha particles at an extremely thin sheet of gold. Most particles passed through the sheet, but some particles were deflected more than expected, or even backwards. From this he suggested that there was a tiny positively charged nucleus at the centre of the atom, where most of the atom's mass is concentrated, and that a cloud of negative electrons surrounded the nucleus, so an atom was mostly empty space. |