| Concept | Expresses an emotional state. |
| Expression | なんて 暗[くら]い 道[みち]なんでしょうよ。 |
| Kanji | なんて 暗[くら]い 道[みち]なんでしょう【…】。 |
| Meaning | What a dark road (this) is! |
| Notes | After the form おお(う) or よう |
| Tags | Grammar ～ よ |
| Concept | Lists two or more items, with the implication that other items exist as well. |
| Expression | 上[うえ]の 階[かい]でまた 夫婦[ふうふ]げんかが 始[はじ]まったよ。ものを 投[な]げるやらわめくやら、 大変[たいへん]だなあ。 |
| Kanji | 上[うえ]の 階[かい]でまた 夫婦[ふうふ]げんかが 始[はじ]まったよ。ものを 投[な]げる【…】わめく【…】、 大変[たいへん]だなあ。 |
| Meaning | The couple upstairs has started fighting again. They're throwing things and screaming (at each other) (and doing other things), it's quite something. |
| Notes | English approximation: “and... (other things)” |
| Tags | Grammar ～ やら |
| Concept | Casually marks the topic or the subject. Expresses a tone of familiarity or slight criticism. |
| Expression | 彼[かれ]ったら、もう 新[あたら]しいガールフレンドに 夢中[むちゅう]なんだから。 |
| Kanji | 彼[かれ]っ【…】、もう 新[あたら]しいガールフレンドに 夢中[むちゅう]なんだから。 |
| Meaning | He is already head over heals about his new girlfriend. |
| Notes | Often used in the form of ったら |
| Tags | Grammar ～ たら |