| Extra | Death of wildlife,
Bornean Orangutans population has halved in the last half-century.
This is because their habitat is being destroyed by deforestation, they are being poached for illegal petting and are sometimes killed when farmers move to protect their crops.
The fertilisers and pesticides used on the plantations has been washed into and polluted the Baram River killing many fish species and contaminating commercial grown king prawns.
Extinction,
Deforestation could result in the loss of plant species which might have unknown uses as medicines, industrial raw materials and foods.
Loss of habitat,
Only half of Borneo's forest cover remains in 2021, down from 75% in 1973.
Impacts on food chains/ecosystems,
Reduced rainfall in the local area and increased droughts.
When forest is removed, moisture is no longer transpired through its leaves to the atmosphere and rainfall is no longer intercepted on its leaves to be evaporated back to the atmosphere. The moisture content of the air is reduced, resulting in less local rainfall and more droughts.
Ground left without shade under the hot sun becomes hardened, so that rain runs off quickly to the rivers instead of sinking into the soil.
Soil erosion and Soil Degradation,
Heavy rainfall leached the plant nutrients from the soil once the protective forest cover was removed, causing soil degradation.
The use of heavy machinery on wet soils compacts them, so rain cannot sink in and runs off instead, causing soil erosion.
Flooding,
The $2 billion Bakum Dam project in Sarawak has resulted in the flooding 230 km$^2$ of virgin rainforest and around 9000 indigenous Kenyah people have been forced to move from the flooded area.
Threat to local tribes & loss of their food supplies / resources,
Peyak and Dayan people are under threat. Their lives are based on shifted cultivation, but as the area of forest is decreasing they have to come back to same places with the soil which is eroding.
Migration into urban areas,
Haze / smoke from fires,
Using burning as a method of forest clearance has become widespread.
Every year it endangers wildlife and causes an enormous cloud of ash and smoke to drift across neighbouring countries, causing poor visibility and bad breathing conditions)
In Palangkaraya, the capital and the largest city of Central Kalimantan in Borneo, more than 500,000 people to suffer from respiratory ailments in 2015.
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