Kidney and Urinary Tract Pathology
Pathology
Everything up to neoplasia plus a few things that were added from the lecture notes
Sample Data
| Text | renal stone causing obstruction of the ureter, if left untreated for a long time, results in: {{c1::Postrenal azotemia}}BUN:Cr = {{c1::<15}}FENa: {{c1::>2%}}mOsm: {{c1::<500 mOsm/kg (tubular function damaged)}} |
| Extra | -long standing results in decreased reabsorption and inability to concentrate urine- |
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 Syndrome: nephrolithiasis (this is a staghorn caliculi)Composition: 1 - {{c1::ammonium magnesium phosphate - proteus - adults}}2 - {{c1::cystine - asso w/ cystinuria - children (can also present w/ staghorn)}} |
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| Text | Q:What is the normal function of Polycystin-1 (PKD1) and Polycystin-2 (PKD2) in the kidney? A:{{c1::PKD1 and PKD2 encode proteins that associate with cilia on the surface of renal tubular epithelial cells; this complex acts as mechanosensor to regulate intracellular Ca2+ in response to fluid flow. When normal polycystin activity is disrupted, intracellular Ca2+ levels become dysregulated, thereby activating multiple downstream pathways, including those involved in cellular proliferation.}} |
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