| Front | What does expansion of the octet mean? |
| Back | When a bonded atom has more than 8 electrons in the outer shell |
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| Front | What are cations also known as? |
| Back | Positive ions |
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| Front | What were Rutherford’s proposal after the gold leaf experiment? (4) |
| Back | ● Most of the mass and positive charge of the atom are in the nucleus ● Electrons orbit the nucleus ● Most of atom’s volume is the space between the nucleus and the electrons ● Overall positive and negative charges must balance |
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