This preference for exogamy, Gutman suggests, may have derived from West African rules governing marriage, which, though they differed from one tribal group to another, all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin.
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意群训练： This preference for exogamy , Gutman suggests , may have derived from West African rules governing marriage , which , though they differed from one tribal group to another , all involved some kind of prohibition agains t unions with close kin.
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标志： This preference for exogamy , Gutman suggests, may have derived /from West African rules (governing marriage),［which , though they differed from one tribal group to another, all involved some kind of prohibition (against unions with close kin)］/.
解释： 本句有两个插入语，第一个插入语Gutman suggests割裂了主句的主语和谓语。West African rules后跟着两个修饰成分，第一个是分词修饰（governing marriage），第二个是以which引导的非限定性定语从句，从句中出现了第二个插入语though they differed from one tribal group to another ，又割裂了从句引导词与从句谓语之间的联系。
type
复杂修饰+插入语
score
3
idx
008
category
gre
mp3
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en
If she defines feminist criticism as objective and scienti-fic—a valid, verifiable, intellectual method that anyone, whether man or woman, can perform——the definition not only precludes the critic-as-artist approach, but may also impede accomplishment of the utilitarian political objectives of those who seek to change the academic establishment and its thinking, especially about sex roles.
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意群训练： If she define s feminist criticism a s objective and scientific —a valid，verifiable ，intellectual metho d that anyone ，whether man or woman ，can perform —the definition not onl y precludes th e critic-as-artist approach ，but may also imped e accomplishment of th e utilitarian political objective s of those who seek to chang e the academic establishmen t and its thinking ，especially about sex roles .
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标志：If she defines feminist criticism as objective and scientific（—a valid，verifiable，intellectual method that anyone，whether man or woman，can perform —）then the definition not only precludes the critic-as-artist approach，but may also impede accomplishment {of the utilitarian political objectives of those［who seek to change the academic establishment and its thinking，（especially about sex roles).］}
As she put it in The Common Reader , “It is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another because of anything Chaucer said or wrote; and yet, as we read him, we are absorbing morality at every pore.”
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意群训练： As she put i t in The Common Reade r , “It is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another because of anything Chaucer said or wrote ; and yet , as we read him , we are absorbin g morality at every pore .”
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标志： /As she put it in The Common Reader /, “Although it is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set /upon another/ /because of anything Chaucer said or wrote/; and yet , as we read him, we are absorbing morality at every pore.”
解释： 很多人读这句话的时候，虽然字字句句全都认识，而且句子结构似乎也能读懂，可是就是不知道作者在说些什么。这是因为本句不但用词抽象，而且还使用了比喻的修辞手法。先解释两个词：句首的as she put it in The Common Reader 中的put...in...不同于普通所理解的把……放到……中；在此put的意思是在The Common Reader 一书中，用语言来表示或表达某种思想或意图，其英文释义为：to convey into another form <I want to put my feelings into words>。作者用引号引用的“Although it is safe to say that ...”是VW在书中所写的原话，其中It是形式主语，真正的内容在不定式中。safe在此也不是普通所说的安全的意思，而是其引伸义：毫无争议的、没有问题的，其英文释义为：unlikely to produce controversy or contradiction。在本句中，作者连续使用了三个比喻：“没有任何法律 被制定出来 、也没有高楼大厦 被建立起来 ”这两个比喻，指没有因为乔叟的言论而产生任何实际的行为规则或政治机构；而“我们身上每一个毛孔都吸满了道德”，则比喻我们受其影响之深，以及其影响力之大。本句的意思是说，乔叟影响读者的方式不是明确地规定，硬性地灌输，而是潜移默化地陶冶。