Amino Acids Ultimate

Biology

Study and know your amino acids at the next level

Oct 2023 update: I had gotten some great comments and feedback. Most of that is now integrated: updated conditionality of some amino acids, updated note type (dark mode & aesthetics), timestamps should be gone. Feedback is still welcome, though I might be busy for regular updates!

2020 Update: The issue with the cards asking for "What's the polarity?" and answering "conditionally essential" has been fixed, alongside other improvements. Re-download it for fixing it in your deck.

This is the most comprehensive and extensive shared anki deck of amino acids to date. It is meant specifically for people who want to (or need to) know the amino acids with all their fascinating details and properties. You will need to know some biology and chemistry basics and basic vocabulary.

The amino acids you will come to know in and out are: All 22 basic proteinogenic amino acids found in life + hydroxyproline (because it's important and interesting). The deck introduces the custom note type "Basic amino acids".

This deck will drill you to:

  • Know the names of all major amino acids
  • Know and recognize all amino acids by structure
  • Understand how all amino acids act when built into a protein (Histidine switches proteins on/off in acidic environments!)
  • Some memorable and important facts about each amino acid (Did you know that glycine is found in space? That tryptophan glows?)
  • Be able to spit out the one letter and three letter codes even if your teacher awakens you mid-night
  • Know the charge, polarity and if it's hydrophilic
  • If you care - even all the codons for each one (hardcore stuff)

Of course you can switch off some of the things you don't want to know, just suspend or delete all the cards of a specific question. I recommend doing this for the codons - knowing them all isn't just next level: That's hardcore.

Please leave a positive review and notify me of any mistakes.

Future edits may include: Maybe more important posttranslational amino acids beyond the basic 22: e.g. methyllysine, selenomethionine, etc. Maybe more about D-amino acids Maybe fields and cards for ketogenic and glucogenic properties Error corrections

Notes:

  • GGx means all codons starting with GG, also GGA, GGC, GGU, GGG
  • Things in brackets () are not essential to know, but may be explanatory or interesting
  • Credit for the rough skeleton of this deck goes to the maker of https://ankiweb.net/shared/info/1267706748
  • The sources are 99% Wikipedia and some info extracted from relevant papers

You can also email me: [email protected]

amino acids, amino acid, biology, biochemistry, protein, molecular biology, amino acids advanced, amino acids next level

Sample Data

Name cysteine
OneLetterCode C
ThreeLetterCode Cys
Notable serine analogue with a sulfur atom,endogenous antioxidant glutathione
Protein properties forms disulfide bridges which stabilize tertiary protein structure - especially in proteins with a need for high stability (stomach proteins, keratin, ... ) or small instable polypeptides (insulin),also binds to heavy metal ions
Polarity uncharged, slightly polar, mostly hydrophobic
Essential conditionally essential (and depends on methionine intake)
Codons UGU, UGC
Formula
Name aspartic acid (aspartate)
OneLetterCode D
ThreeLetterCode Asp
Notable the carboxylic acid version of asparagine,the carboxylic side chain is deprotonated and charged at physiological pH; this ionic form is called "aspartate",D-aspartate is a neurotransmitter (e.g. at the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, NMDA)
Protein properties hydrophilic,therefore often outside of water-soluble proteins,if inside: usually paired with lysine or arginine,negative charge is used to bind positively charged substances (e.g. fix metal kations),similar to glutamic acid (but less flexible)
Polarity negative, polar, hydrophilic
Essential non-essential
Codons GAU, GAC
Formula
Name arginine
OneLetterCode R
ThreeLetterCode Arg
Notable important precursor to many nitrogenic compounds (urea, ornithine, creatine, nitric oxide, ...),(used for growth hormone stimulation tests, causes pituitary GH release)
Protein properties due to polarity often outside of a globular protein,if it's inside, arginine is often paired with a negatively charged amino acid,used by proteins to bind to molecules with negative surfaces (e.g. DNA),similar to lysine
Polarity positive, polar, hydrophilic
Essential conditionally essential
Codons CGx, AGA, AGG
Formula
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