| Front | Energy stored in monatomic ideal gas |
| Back | [latex] $U=\sum\limits_{i=1}^{N} \frac{1}{2}mv_i^2$ [/latex] |
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| Front | Maximum entropy principle |
| Back | As a system approaches equilibrium all changes have [latex] $ dS \geq 0 $ [/latex]. Thus the equilibrium state of a system with fixed internal energy is the state with the maximum entropy. From this, it follows that heat flows from hot to cold. |
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| Front | Carnot's theorem |
| Back | For a Carnot engine, [latex] $ \dfrac{Q_1}{T_1} = \dfrac{Q_2}{T_2} $ [/latex] |
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