Anatomy for Otolaryngology Australia ENT
Anatomy
FRACS fellowship exam prep
Sample Data
| Front | types of sphenoid pneumatisation |
| Back |
 |
| Tags | embryology nasal |
| Front | Physiology of the semicircular canals vestibular system |
| Back | Otolith organs and semicicylar canalsrotational acceleration causes inertial deflection of the cupula which deflects the hair cells in the crista ampullaris causing depolarization Type 1 (flask shaped) and type 2 (cylindrical shaped) hair cells contain 1 kinicilium and ~60 sterocilia, deflection of the sterocilia toward the kinocilium results in increased vestibular neuronal firing rate In horizontal SCC- kinocilia are located on the utricular side therefore displacement of the sterocilia toward the vestibule (ampullopeptal) causes increased vestibular neuronal firing rate and dipalcement away from the vestibulae (ampullofugal) causes decreased vestbular neuronal firing. In the vertical SCC (posterior and superior) the kinocilia are located away from the utricle on the semicircular canal side- rever occurs, displacement of the sterocilia away from the vestibule (ampullo-fugal) causes increased vestibular neuronal firing rate and diaplcement toward the vestibule (ampullopetal) causes decreased vestibular neuronal firing each canal exhibits a resting basal discharge rate |
| Tags | vestibular |
| Front | What are the anterior relations of Scalenus anterior |
| Back | Phrenic nerve passes across anterior part scalenus anterior from lateral to medial where it leaves the neck passing behind subclavian veinAscending cervical artery from inferior thyroid runs medial to the phrenic nerve across scalenus anteriorTransverse cervical arterySuprascapular arteryVagus nerveInternal JugularInternal carotidDeep cervical lymph nodesSubclavian vein - joins IJV at medial border scalenus anterior |
| Tags | Anatomy Lasts Neck |