HSC Biology and Chemistry - 2026 - NSW
Chemistry
Flashcards for Year 12 HSC NSW biology and chemistry. A work in progress. Will be updated frequently as the year continues and more content is taught. Made for personal/friend use.
Sample Data
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| Front | Disadvantages of external fertilisation? |
| Back | - reduced survival due to predators and other hazards- unfertilised gametes wasted- fertilisation not guaranteed- greater chance of drying out of gametes (can only survive in wet environments) |
| Front | Reversibility of combustion reactions? |
| Back | - exothermic (ΔH<0) and associated with a positive change in entropy due to production of greater number of gas molecules compared to reactants (increase in gas molecules means the entropy of the system is increased (ΔS>0))- Combustion of liquid and solid fuel has greater increases in entropy- these reactions are more spontaneous as they have a more negative change in Gibbs free energyOpen system: combustion reactions are always irreversible because carbon dioxide and water leave the system.Closed system: combustion reactions are also irreversible because carbon dioxide and water do not react due to this reverse reaction having a positive change in Gibbs free energy at all temperatures (ΔG>0). This is because the reverse reaction is endothermic and entails a decrease in entropy. These two conditions combined means the reaction is never spontaneous. |