flashcard description (Neoplasia)
| أمام | What is multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer? |
| خلف | MDR occurs when cancer cells become resistant to multiple drugs, often due to overexpression of efflux pumps like P-glycoprotein. |
| أمام | What are immune checkpoint inhibitors? |
| خلف | Immune checkpoint inhibitors block proteins like PD-1 or CTLA-4, restoring T-cell activity against tumors. |
| أمام | What is angiogenesis? |
| خلف | Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels, which tumors exploit to supply oxygen and nutrients. |