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Sample Data
grammatical concept
らしい
usage
An auxiliary adjective which indicates that the preceding sentence is the speaker’s conjecture based on what he has heard, read or seen.
equivalent
Seem; look like; apparently; I heard
online
online reference
volume
Basic
volume tag
㊦
volume jp
基本
page
373
close
(ks). 松田まつださんはアメリカへ行いく○○です。
expression_jp
(ks). 松田まつださんはアメリカへ行いくらしい・らしいです。
expression_en
It seems that Mr. Matsuda is going to America.
example 1_jp
(a). 杉本すぎもとさんはもう帰かえったらしいです。
example 1_en
Mr. Sugimoto seems to have gone home already.
example 2_jp
(b). あの学校がっこうの入学にゅうがく試験しけんは難むずかしいらしい。
example 2_en
That school's entrance exam seems difficult.
example 3_jp
(c). この辺あたりはとても静しずからしいです。
example 3_en
This neighbourhood seems very quiet.
example 4_jp
(d). その話はなしは本当ほんとうらしい。
example 4_en
That story seems true.
example 5_jp
(e). ここは学校がっこうらしい。
example 5_en
This place seems to be a school.
example 6_jp
example 6_en
example 7_jp
example 7_en
example 8_jp
example 8_en
example 9_jp
example 9_en
example 10_jp
example 10_en
example 11_jp
example 11_en
example 12_jp
example 12_en
example 13_jp
example 13_en
example 14_jp
example 14_en
example 15_jp
example 15_en
notes
textnotes
1. らしい is generally used when the speaker makes a conjecture based on some information which he has heard, read or seen. What he has heard is especially important. Unlike そうだ2, which expresses a simple guess based on what the speaker sees, らしい is used when the conjecture is based on more reliable information. (⇨ そうだ2) (For a comprehensive comparison of conjecture expressions, see (⇨ ようだ, Related Expressions.) 2. If there has been relatively little conjecture in the speaker's mind, らしい is almost the same as the hearsay expression そうだ1. (⇨ そうだ1) 3. Negative conjecture is expressed by a negative predicate and らしい, as in (1). (1) a. 田口さんはパーティーに行かないらしい。 It seems that Mr. Taguchi won't go to the party. b. メアリーはビルが好きじゃないらしい。 It seems that Mary doesn't like Bill. 4. Another use of らしい is as follows: (2) 大木さんは男らしい。 Mr. Oki is manly. Here, らしい means likeness. That is, "XはYらしい" means that X is like the ideal model of Y. (Of course, (2) can also mean "It seems that Oki is a man.") 5. Since らしい is an い type adjective, it can also precede nouns, as in (3). (3) 私は男らしい人が好きだ。 I like a manly man. The negative version of (2) is (4). (4) 大木さんは男らしくない。 Mr. Oki is not manly. If 大木さんは男(だ) is negated, the meaning changes. (5) 大木さんは男じやないらしい。 It seems that Oki is not a man.
formation
(i) {V/Adjective い} informal らしい {話す /話した} らしい It seems that someone (will) talk/talked {高い /高かった} らしい It seems that something is/was expensive (ii) {Adjective な stem/ Noun} {Ø/だった} らしい {静か /静かだった} らしい It seems that something is/was quiet {先生 /先生だった} らしい It seemst aht someone is/was a teacher
part of speech
Auxiliary Adjective (い)
related expression
【Related Expression: ようだ (だろう; そうだ2)】
antonym expression
grammatical concept
~やら~やら
usage
A structure to present things, events, actions, etc., as examples, reasons or possibilities.
equivalent
X and Y; things like X and Y; X, Y and so on; whether X or Y; whether X or not
He is a genuine born-in-the-USA American, but his ways of thinking are so much like those of Japanese people that we (almost) cannot tell whether he is a Japanese or an American. (literally: his ways of thinking are like those of Japanese people to the extent that we cannot tell whether he is a Japanese or an American.)
It's not good to count on the money before you know if they will lend it to you or not.
example 13_jp
example 13_en
example 14_jp
example 14_en
example 15_jp
example 15_en
notes
textnotes
formation
(i) XやらYやらV1informal nonpastやらV2informal nonpastやら笑われるやら馬鹿にされるやらSomeone was laughed at and insulted, among other things今日帰るやら明日帰るやらWhether someone will come home today or tomorrowAdjectiveい1informal nonpastやらAdjectiveい2informal nonpastやら悲しいやら悔しいやら(I felt) sad and frustratedいいやら悪いやらWhether something is good or badAdjectiveな1stemやらAdjectiveな2stemやら上手やら下手やらWhether someone is good or poor at somethingNoun1やらNoun2やらクッキーやらチョコレートやらCookies, chocolates, and so on本物やら偽物やらReal things and imitations; whether something is real or an imitation(ii) V1informal(affirmative) やらV2informal (negative) やらWhere V1=V2行くやら行かないやらWhether someone will go or not行ったやら行かなかったやらWhether someone went or not(iii) XのやらYのやらV1informalのやらV2informalのやら行くのやら留まるのやらWhether someone will go or stayAdjectiveい1 informalのやらAdjectiveい2 informalのやら新しいのやら古いのやらWhether something is new or oldAdjectiveな1stem{な/だった}のやらAdjectiveな2stem{な/だった}のやら上手なのやら下手なのやらWhere someone is good or poor at somethingNoun1{な/だった} のやらNoun2{な/だった} のやら日本人なのやらアメリカ人なのやらWhether someone is a Japanese or an American
part of speech
Structure
related expression
【Related Expression: や~や; とか~とか; たり~たり; か~か; わ~わ】
antonym expression
grammatical concept
みる
usage
Do something to see what it’s like or what will happen.
equivalent
Do something and see; try to do something
online
online reference
volume
Basic
volume tag
㊦
volume jp
基本
page
246
close
(ks). 私わたしは日本にっぽんの小説しょうせつを読よんで○○。
expression_jp
(ks). 私わたしは日本にっぽんの小説しょうせつを読よんでみる・みます。
expression_en
I will read Japanese novels (to see what they are like).
example 1_jp
(a). 面白おもしろそうなコンサートだったので行おこなってみました。
example 1_en
Since it seemed interesting, I went to the concert (to see what it was like).
example 2_jp
(b). ここの刺身さしみは美味おいしいですよ。食たべてみますか。
example 2_en
Sashimi here is good. Will you try it?
example 3_jp
example 3_en
example 4_jp
example 4_en
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example 5_en
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example 6_en
example 7_jp
example 7_en
example 8_jp
example 8_en
example 9_jp
example 9_en
example 10_jp
example 10_en
example 11_jp
example 11_en
example 12_jp
example 12_en
example 13_jp
example 13_en
example 14_jp
example 14_en
example 15_jp
example 15_en
notes
textnotes
みる is used as an auxiliary verb with Verbて meaning 'make an attempt at doing something to see what it is like or what will happen'. 【Related Expression】 A similar expression, ようとする, means simply 'try to do something'. When these two expressions are used in the past tense, however, their meanings are not the same. For example, [1a] means that Mr. Brown did put on Tom's undershirt, whereas [1b] means that Mr. Brown tried to put it on, with the implication that he couldn't or didn't actually do it. [1] a. ブラウンさんはトムのシャツを蒼てみた。 Mr. Brown tried Tom's undershirt on. b. ブラウンさんはトムのシャツを着ようとした。 Mr. Brown tried to put Tom's undershirt on.