| Front | Components of Axial Skeleton and function |
| Back | Vertebral columnSkullThoracic cageHyoid boneTotal of 80 bonesProtects spinal cord, allows for motion, posture, attachment site for muscles |
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| Front | Anterior Longitudinal Ligament |
| Back | -Thick and fibrous -Runs on anterior side of vertebral bodies and IVDs-prevents hyper extension (Backwards)
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| Front | Back Muscle Groups |
| Back | Extrinsic (superficial): -Layer 1: trapezius, latissimus dorsi-Layer 2: rhomboid major/ minor, elevator scapulaeExtrinsic (intermediate):-Layer 3: Serratus post. Superior/inferior Intrinsic (deep):-Layer 4: splenius cervicis/capitis-Layer 5: erector spinae (illicostalis, longissumus, spinalis)-Layer 6: semispinalis, multifidis, rotatores |
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