O Level IGCSE Flashcards

The flashcards I've attached below comprehensively cover the syllabus for the IGCSE 2017 (2016 – 2018), Core and Extended. I like visually appealing content, so I have also worked on that aspect of presentation. It has taken months of hard work to make these 2700 odd flashcards. Physics cards (667 in number) • Exercise core concepts beyond the limits of the syllabus • Have useful visualisations • Cover the complete syllabus • Cover Practical exams as well Chemistry cards (872 in number): • Have equations typed in clearly (with colour coding) for a pleasant and friendly user experience. • Have useful visualisations • Cover the complete syllabus • Cover Practical exams as well Biology cards (950 in number): • Have biological processes represented in sequential order • Have pictures and labelled diagrams • Cover the complete syllabus • Cover Practical exams as well Math cards (309 in number) • Have tips and tricks to solve problems (which are not taught in the syllabus!) • Have useful visualisations • Have attractive graphs and plots wherever necessary • Cover the complete syllabus English cards (53 in number) • Comprise of some interesting words, phrases, usage, etc. • DO NOT contain all the syllabus material. Acknowledgements: Information in the flashcards is sourced from various resources, including syllabus books and other online resources. Other information: - The flashcards are made for the (2016 – 2018) IGCSE Syllabus 2017, Core and Extended. - For all Science cards, important definitions are given clearly in a formal tone. - The flashcards are intended to cover all examination aspects as well. - Images in the flashcards include ones which have been taken from various sources including Google Images, Pinterest, Shutterstock, Sciecephotolibrary, etc and ones drawn by myself. - As a homeschooled self-learner, I had to make the cards interesting enough for self-study.

Sample Data

Front	Experiment to show the effect of temeperature and pH on enzymes in a biological washing powders.
Back	Temperature:Apparatus: - 50 cm³ biological washing powder solution- 50 cm³ non-biological washing powder solution- 6 large test-tubes and means of labelling them - 2 pairs of forceps- Stopclock, or view of a clock with a sweep seconds hand- White tile- 3 water baths set at 0℃ (ice and water), 40℃ and 75℃- 6 pieces of blood-stained white cloth (approx 1cm × 1cm)- 1 piece of cloth similar to the other cloth, but left unstainedThe washing powder solution should be made up by adding 8g powder to 500 cm³ lukewarm tap water. If the solution is already provided in liquied form in a bottle, then dilute the solution using 0.75ml to 500 cm³ lukewarm tap water.To prepare blood-stained bloth, the cut surface of a piece of liver should be rubbed over the surface of trhe pieces of white cloth the day before the practical and allowed to dry in the fridge.Method: • To a depth of about 3cm, add biological washing powder solution to 3 of the test-tubes (labelled 1-3), and non-biological washing powder solution to the other three test-tubes, labelled 4-6.• Place test-tubes 1 and 4 in the water bath at 0℃.• Place test-tubes 2 and 5 in the water bath at 40℃.• Place test-tubes 3 and 6 in the water bath at 75℃• Leave all the test-tubes for 15 minutes to allow solutions to reach the temperature of the water baths.• Submerge one piece of blood-stained cloth into each test-tube and record the time.• At 2-3 minutes intervals, shake each test-tube and obeserve the colour of each piece of cloth.• Wirte the numbers 1-7 on the white tile.• When one of the pieces of cloth in test-tubes 1-6 has become noticeably paler, record the time and transfer each piece of cloth to the white tile, next to the number corresponding to the test-tube it came from.Expected results:Pieces of cloth 2 and 6 are likely to be the whitest (use cloth 7 as a comparison).pH:The requirements are as in the experiment investigating the effect of temperature. However, this time, you need only one water bath set at 40℃ and only three test-tubes are needed. To one of the experimental test-tubes containing the bioloigical washing powder, add one drop fo very dilute hydrochloric acid, add nothing to the solution in the second and add one drop of very dilute sodium hydroxide to the third. Incubate all three test-tubes and note the depth of colour in the stain of the cloth in the three test-tubes of the same period of time. The cloth exposed to the enzyme alone will be the first lose its stain. Depending upon the concentration of the hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide used, the other two may show no change in the stain at all.
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Front	What is the Rutherford-Bohr model of the atom?
Back	It says that the atom consists of a nucleus which is made of protons and neutrons, and electrons orbiting it in set paths (or orbits).This model was concieved using the quantum theory.
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Front	Are metal-acid reactions non-redox?
Back	No. The are redox. There is a transfer of electrons.
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